What does non-destructive editing mean in Photoshop?

Non-destructive editing in Photoshop refers to techniques that allow edits to be made without permanently altering the original image data. This means that any adjustments or modifications can be reversed or altered at any time, ensuring the original file remains intact and unchanged. This approach is vital for maintaining flexibility during the editing process, as it permits experimentation with different effects and adjustments without the risk of losing the original quality of the image.

For example, using layers and adjustment layers allows you to apply color corrections, brightness adjustments, or filters while keeping the original image layer untouched. If you're not satisfied with the changes, you can simply adjust or delete the adjustment layer without any loss to the original image. This is opposed to techniques where edits permanently change the pixel data, thereby risking loss of the initial image quality and detail.

Engaging in non-destructive editing enhances workflow efficiency and creativity, empowering editors to make changes more freely and confidently.